What Is Judo
Unlike karate, which uses both foot and hand blows, judo basically depends upon the use of leverage and balance to overcome an opponent. When you are under attack, you do not block or punch. You may resist for a moment, then let go suddenly. This forces your opponent off balance and makes it easy to throw him. The attacker’s own lunging weight provides the force the opponent needs to control him. It’s just as if someone would push as hard as he can against a locked door, and you suddenly opened it. The person would probably fall through and land on the floor. This is one way a judo player gains control over his opponent. As the attacker rushes in, the judo player either sidesteps or backs away. This catches the attacker off balance, and the judo player can either push, pull or throw him to the ground.
Judo is a sport for two players. The sport is governed by strict rules of politeness. Before and after a match, the players must bow to each other, similar to the kick and punch arts. A match is won on points or superior play. The judo player wins a point when he holds his opponent on his back so he is unable to move for 30 seconds. Then, he forces his opponent to give up by using strangleholds or armlocks or when he makes a clean throw. The judo player wins a half point when he holds his opponent down for only 25 seconds. Kicking, hitting and gouging are not allowed. A referee watches the judo players and decides who wins each point. A judo player who wins the necessary amount of points first, wins the match. A contest or match may last up to 20 minutes.
Judo requires much physical training and instruction. Training takes place in a dojo, or gym area. In the Orient, judo players practice on straw mats. In Western countries, a canvas wrestling mat can be used. The judo players wear cotton jackets and trousers circled by colored belts. A judo beginner wears a white belt and a more accomplished player, a brown belt. Experts wear the coveted black belt.
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